Cadmus (2010) Community-Based Aquatic Exercise and Quality of Life in Persons with Osteoarthritis
Summary: Community-Based Aquatic Exercise and Quality of Life in Persons with Osteoarthritis
Introduction Aquatic Exercise Impact on Osteoarthritis Quality of Life:
Osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, affects millions and imposes significant human and economic burdens. It leads to disabling joint pain, decreased activity levels, and functional decline. Aquatic exercise, a non-pharmacological approach, offers gentle joint movement and therapeutic effects of warm water.
Study Overview
The study evaluated the impact of the Arthritis Foundation Aquatic Program (AFAP) on the quality of life in osteoarthritis patients. The AFAP, a standardized community-based program, focuses on improving well-being through water-based exercises. This research was conducted on 249 adults in a 20-week randomized controlled trial. Participants were assigned to either the aquatic exercise group or a control group maintaining usual activity levels.
Methodology
Participants, aged 55-75 with osteoarthritis, were selected for the study. The exercise group attended at least two AFAP sessions per week. The sessions included range-of-motion, muscle strengthening, and endurance exercises in warm water pools.
Measurement Tools
The primary measure was the Perceived Quality of Life (PQOL) scale, assessing satisfaction in major life areas. Additionally, variables like self-efficacy, physical impairment, depressive symptoms, and activity limitation were examined as potential mediators or moderators.
Results
The aquatic exercise significantly improved PQOL scores, particularly among obese participants (BMI ≥ 30). However, no such effect was observed in normal weight or overweight participants. Surprisingly, improvements were not mediated by self-efficacy, impairment, or activity limitation.
Discussion
Aquatic exercise in community settings emerged as effective for osteoarthritis patients, especially those obese. It was noted that the buoyancy of water facilitates pain-free motion, which can enhance well-being and quality of life. The study also highlighted the need for more research to understand the causal pathways and enhance adherence to aquatic programs.
Limitations
The study faced limitations like unequal dropout rates and reliance on self-reported data for BMI. Also, the modest main effect of the exercise on PQOL suggests the need for larger sample sizes and longer exercise sessions in future studies.
Conclusion Aquatic Exercise Impact on Osteoarthritis Quality of Life:
The study underscores aquatic exercise as a beneficial, joint-friendly physical activity for osteoarthritis, particularly beneficial for obese individuals. It advocates for the importance of community-based programs in addressing large-scale health challenges.
